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Biorefinery

Code:

TPD031

Sigla:

BIOR

Áreas Científicas
Classificação	Área Científica
OFICIAL	Processos em Engenharia Química e Biológica

Ocorrência: 2022/2023 - 1S

Ativa?	Yes
Unidade Responsável:	Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica
Curso/CE Responsável:	Undergraduate in Oil & Gas Technologies

Ciclos de Estudo/Cursos

Sigla	Nº de Estudantes	Plano de Estudos	Anos Curriculares	Créditos UCN	Créditos ECTS	Horas de Contacto	Horas Totais
TPD	10	Study Plan	3	-	5	60	135

Língua de trabalho

Portuguese

Objetivos

The main objectives of this UC are: 1) to acquire knowledge about biorefineries, such as sustainable integration of processes for transforming biomass into marketable products, about its central position in the circular bioeconomy; 2) be able to propose routes for the recovery of biomass, especially residual ones, for the production of marketable products, in a sustainable way and with the minimization of waste and 3) acquire skills to carry out an expeditious assessment of the risks of implementing a biorefinery by calculating the biorefinery complexity index (BCI) and representing the biorefinery complexity profile (BCP).
In addition, the aim is to develop group work skills, reading and interpretation of scientific-technical texts, especially in English.

Resultados de aprendizagem e competências

Recognize the central role of the biorefinery in the circular bioeconomy;

- outline, roughly speaking, routes for the sustainable transformation of biomasses, in particular the residual ones, into salable products;

- knowing how to search for appropriate scientific-technical information that helps develop and support the advanced biorefining of biomasses proposed;

- knowing how to determine complexity indices and profiles of proposed biorefineries in order to assess their feasibility potential;

- be able to work in a team, meeting agreed deadlines and assignments and critically and constructively discussing the proposed solutions;

- know how to write and present in a clear and concise way the results and solutions found for the problems of valorization of biomasses through biorefinery, using the different means and supports available.

Modo de trabalho

Presencial

Pré-requisitos (conhecimentos prévios) e co-requisitos (conhecimentos simultâneos)

- Basic knowledge of Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics and Biology, at the level of Secondary Education are important prerequisites;

- Knowledge about the nature and production technologies of the main biofuels can be of enormous help in the learning process.

Programa

- Context in which the biorefinery concept arises: population growth, exploitation of natural resources and environmental pollution. The role of biorefineries in the bioeconomy, and circular economy. The circular bioeconomy. Challenges facing the development of biorefineries and biofuels.

- Concept of biorefinery/biorefining: definition, types of biorefinery and their characterization. Principles and fundamentals. Technical and economic considerations of biorefining.

- History and prospects for the development of biorefineries. Comparison with petroleum refineries and “e-refineries”, based on green hydrogen. Biorefineries in the current context of the energy transition, the decarbonization of the economy and the maintenance of biodiversity;

- Types of biomass and main techniques and characterization parameters. Most frequent processes of biomass conversion and respective main technologies. Chemical, biochemical and thermochemical routes. Electrochemical technologies in “green chemistry”;

- Industrial-based biorefineries. Framing of the biorefinery in the chemical industry. Integration of processes and complexity. Biorefinery Complexity Index (BCI) and profiles (BCP). Its importance in determining the technological risk of implementing biorefineries. Comparison with the Nelson complexity index in the oil refinery;

- Study of biorefineries based on residues of forestry, wood, and paper and pulp industry, as an example of 2nd. generation biorefineries. Other sources of lignocellulosic biomasses. The  technologies and main products obtained (H2, CH4, biodiesel, green diesel, biopolymers…).

- Study of biorefineries based on food, agricultural, livestock and agro-industrial residues. Their technologies and main products (Bioalcohol, Biooils, Biodiesel…). Examples in the national territory of type I and 1st generation biorefineries;

- Biorefineries based on urban solid waste (USW), and on WWTP and Industrial WWTP sludges. Products (Biofuels, bioplastics, …);

- Study of a biorefinery based on algae and microalgae in the national territory, as an example of a 3rd generation biorefinery;

- Biorefineries based on dedicated cultures. Example of a biorefinery project based on palm and jatropha biomasses;

- Study of the National Plan for the Promotion of Biorefineries (PNPB): potential of available residual biomass, platform for biomass and biorefineries. Main lines of investigation and challenges in the field of biorefineries in the country and in the world.

Bibliografia Obrigatória

Vários; A-Z of Biorefinery: A Comprehensive View, N. Thongchul, A. Kokossis, 2022. ISBN: 978-0-12-819249-1

Bibliografia Complementar

Vários; Biorefinery: From Biomass to Chemicals and Fuels, Michele Aresta, Angela Dibenedeto & Franck Dumeignil, 2012. ISBN: 978-3-11-026023-6
Vários; Algal Biorefinery: An Integrated Approach, Debabrata Das, 2015. ISBN: 978-3-319-22812-9
C. Alzate, J. Botero & V. Marulanda; Biorefineries - Desig and Analysis, CRC Francis Taylor Group, 2020. ISBN: 978-0-36-757107-8
Vários; Handbook of Waste Biorefinery, E. Jacob-Lopes, L. Zepka, M. Deprá, 2022. ISBN: 978-3-031-06561-3
Vários; Biorefinery Production Technologies for Chemicals and Energy, M. Mukhopadhyay, A. Kuila John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2020. ISBN: 978-1-119-59142-9

Métodos de ensino e atividades de aprendizagem

The teaching-learning methodology is based on conventional classes, centered on the teacher, through the presentation of themes with the aid of computerized means of presentation, assisted by carrying out guided reading exercises, inside and outside the classroom, as well as by developing of a research work throughout the semester, in which a group of students must propose a route for the valorization of a biomass, applying the concept of biorefinery.

Tipo de avaliação

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Componentes de Avaliação

Designation	Peso (%)
Teste	60,00
Trabalho escrito	20,00
Trabalho laboratorial	20,00
Total:	100,00

Componentes de Ocupação

Designation	Tempo (Horas)
Estudo autónomo	15,00
Frequência das aulas	60,00
Trabalho escrito	15,00
Trabalho laboratorial	15,00
Total:	105,00

Obtenção de frequência

Approval by frequency is achieved with an average evaluation equal to or greater than 10 points (rounded to the unit, according to usual rules). The average is calculated using the formula presened down.

Fórmula de cálculo da classificação final

M = 3 x 0,20 F + 0,20 T + 0,20 E 


F - average of the grades obtained in the Frequency tests;
T - grade of the work developed during the semester;
E - average of grades for exercises performed in the classroom or as homework.

Approval with M >= 10